Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 13-39 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.019
The study focuses on the missionary activities of Constantine and Methodius in which Old Slavonic was used. The success of these activities raised interest in these missionaries even from the Papal Court. The missionaries were invited here by Pope Nicholas I and subsequent negotiations were led by his successor Adrian II, who approved their missionary activities in Old Slavonic and promoted Methodius to an Archbishop with an archdiocese that, in accordance with canon law (being the work of Christ, no diocese may cease to exist), was a continuation of the defunct ancient Pannonian diocese seated in Sirmium. In accordance with this law, this diocese...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 40-64 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.020
The rise of new monastic rule orders of Cistercians and Premonstratensians in the 1100s is a traditional topic of Medieval studies worldwide. The Czech context is characterised by the claim that the reason for the success of these new orders was the inner exhaustion of Benedictine monasticism, which was allegedly not able to cope with new challenges. The evidence supporting such general claims is missing, however, which raises doubt as to whether the conclusion might be a too schematic one. The reasons arising from the establishment of a new foundation were related to a wide range of factors, from pastoral, memorial, and generally commemorative ones,...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 65-85 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.021
The present paper analyses life in Dub nad Moravou, a village in the countryside of the Haná region before the industrialisation period, illustrated with the life of the farmer Pavel Petřík (1778-1829). The case-based study maps the context of passing a farm on to the following generations. As the study has determined, for the period of one year after inheriting the farm, Pavel Petřík was obliged to provide his father with five measures or various crops for nourishment, and also had obligations towards his younger brother. The paper also describes the procedure of wedding feasts and related traditions and the form of corvée duties. On the farms of...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 86-103 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.022
Timothej Hrubý was a prominent translator of works by classical authors writing in Latin and Greek, and a secondary-school teacher whose teaching career was connected to the general secondary school in Valašské Meziříčí and the Czech-language general secondary school of the Moravian Foundation in Opava, where he worked for ten years. The difficult nationality-related situation in Austrian Silesia, as well as the lack of teaching materials resulted in him deciding to translate works by classical authors into Czech. In addition, he made efforts to bring classical literature closer to the general public through magazines. His work, however, did not always...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 104-136 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.023
The Russian Revolution held great significance beyond the empire's borders. As a 'Slav' state and a key member of the Entente alliance, Slav nationalists appealed to the Tsarist regime and its successors to liberate their countrymen living in Central and Eastern Europe. This article studies the relationship between Slovak migrant nationalists in the United States and the Russian Empire. Acting as a second centre of Slovak national life before 1914 and as the self-declared leaders of their political cause in wartime, Slovak American organisations adjusted their attitudes towards the Tsarist state and its successor regimes according to geopolitical calculations...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 137-166 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.024
The period of the intervention crisis is understood at present as one of the key moments in Italian history and a presage of the birth of fascism. Italy was steered towards the declaration of its neutrality in August 1914 by Antonio di San Giuliano, the country's Minister of Foreign Affairs. The declaration met with protests from intellectuals and part of society. The Italian cultural environment was formed by a range of schools of thought. In the years preceding the war, this resulted in the belief that violence and war were the only and necessary way to solve all the nation's problems, whether it was supposed to serve for unification of the population...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 167-184 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.025
From the first half of 1930s until the 1950s, the society of Slovácko as well as the entire Czechoslovak Republic faced significant changes. These changes were inevitably reflected even in areas such as ethnography. Associations and groups, addressing the ethnography of Slovácko in this period, published their own periodicals. Their contributors were both members of these associations and renowned professionals. Their narrative was obviously dependent on the regime as an external source of influence which affected directly or indirectly the quality and direction of ethnographers. One of the changes related to the ethnography of the period was the establishment...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 185-206 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.026
Karel Bankl was, in many respects, a typical Austrian member of low-level Gestapo management. Having fought in the First World War, he found a job with the Viennese police after the disintegration of Austria-Hungary. Although he served in the state administration, he actively supported the Nazi party. After Austria was annexed in March 1938, Bankl was transferred to the Vienna Gestapo headquarters. He was responsible for the Catholic Church affairs at the Department of Churches, Sects, and Jews, before being deployed in the occupation of Moravia on 15 March 1939. He spent the rest of his police career and of his life in the Protectorate of Bohemia...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 207-229 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.027
The contribution describes an interdisciplinary area of development in the military in socialist Czechoslovakia with an emphasis on the period of the 1960s. The analysis focuses particularly on shifts brought about by the scientific revolution in the military regarding the structure of exercising the soldier profession and its position within society. The analysis is based on the perspective adopted by general and military sociology influenced by the social reform of the Prague Spring. The contribution also investigates the reflections on the above-described trends in military-political documents from the year 1968 that were directly related to the...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 230-241 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.028
The Czechoslovak view of the Austrian parliamentary elections of 1970 was to a substantial extent determined by an ideological template. Prague observed with discontent the strong position of Austrian social democracy and the Christian-Democratic People's Party (KPÖ). It had high hopes that the local Communist party would have a greater influence on Austria's internal politics. The Austrian public perceived KPÖ with strong distrust as an extended body of the Soviet Union. Czechoslovak officials did not expect the March parliamentary elections to bring any substantial shift. It was assumed that KPÖ would fail, and the elections therefore received little...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 242-256 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.029
The study addresses the development of politics related to the functioning of trade unions in Great Britain in the 1990s. The author analyses the approaches taken by the governments of John Major and Tony Blair. With regard to Major's conservative administration, the study primarily analyses its link to the policies of the previous Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, who emphasised a transfer of collective rights from unions to their individual members and restrictions on strikes and protests. In contrast, Tony Blair's objective was to establish the relationship between trade unions and the Labour Party on a new basis, since trade unions traditionally...
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Historica Olomucensia vol. 61 (2021), 277-285 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.034
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