Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 13-25 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.024
The town of Litovel is a good representative of the category of smaller royal towns of location origins dated back to the period of last members of the Přemyslid dynasty. The presented study deals with two charters which are connected with environment of medieval Litovel. The first one is the charter of 1287, in which the king confirms the magistrate of Litovel the property of his office, and the second document comes from 1291, where the king solves legal freedoms of Litovel's burghers, possibilities to buy lords' estates and grants the mile right to Litovel. Both charters are worth attention because they are legal documents that reflect some aspects...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 27-45 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.025
Late stage of Jean Froissart's historiographical carrier is situated in the 1390s when political tensions grew importantly among the relatives of King Charles VI of France. From 1392, Charles suffered from a mental disease and his younger brother disputed over the control of the Kingdom with his uncles, above all Phillip the Bold. Froissart's Chronicles were much admired and copied in the milieu of Burgundian court in the fifteenth century. Thus, some historians assumed that Froissart was pro-Burgundian, also due to his patronage relations with the family of Albrecht of Bavaria and his son, married to Phillip the Bold's daughter. Close analysis of...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 47-86 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.026
The article deals with peace and propagandistic missions of king Jiří of Poděbrady in years 1461-1467. The topic is discussed in the context of his peace plan for the league of Christian European states, so-called Parliament, and anti-Turkish alliance in times of their origins, negotiations and finally breakdown in the year 1464. Firstly, the four most significant peace missions are analysed including the legation of Antonio Marini at Curia Romana in years 1461-1462 in times of origins of his idea of the peace union and in Western Europe in years 1462-1464; then, negotiations of kings Jiří of Poděbrady and Casimir IV in Velký Hlohov about concluding...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 87-104 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.027
There are two instructions for the office of a sub-chamberlain which are preserved in the collection called The Bohemian section of the Court Chamber in the National Archive. The existing texts of instructions enable us to follow a process of their development. The instruction dated between 1564 and 1566 defines running sub-chamberlain's office in eight articles. The second one, which was written in Czech, describes the functioning of the office in 18 articles. The office of a sub-chamberlain had to respond to religious, economic and political transformations connected with a growing agenda as well as financial oppression - in point of fact, enlargement...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 105-126 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.028
The interest in sepulchral monuments as well as sepulchral culture in Slovakia in general has been rising during the recent years. The issue is primarily fa matter of great concern to experts in epigraphy and auxiliary sciences of history, who deal with sepulchral culture from the geographical point of view, i. e. they gradually record this topic in various Slovak regions. The presented paper provides information about a state and a presence of Early Modern sepulchral monuments in the Slovak region of Gemer which has not been taken into account by research up till now. The article discusses preservation, current presence and typology of these monuments....
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 127-146 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.029
The reports of the first Europeans who met with the indigenous American cultures in the 16th century were subject to multiple stylizations. On one hand, there existed a conviction about a universal culture of the estates, with the king, aristocracy and subjects as known from Europe. On the other hand, an image of the bloodthirsty savages and cannibals lacking the full status of humans was present.The fact they tried to picture faithfully the native indigenous culture in both textual and pictorial part of their travel books on the discovering of Florida gives credit to Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues and Theodor de Bry. The choice of the book illustrations...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 147-160 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.030
The period of confessional turbulences in sixteenth century England finished by the gradual consolidation of Protestantism after the succession of Elisabeth I. However, previous frequent turns in religion given by the ruler's confession opened the issue of conversion, which became more broaden and so that much more discussed topic during the 16th century and in the first half of the 17th century. Moreover, the change of religion was supported by the expansion of discovery travels and overseas trade, which noticeably extended contacts with foreign countries in cultural and religious sphere. A theatre scene as one of important public places played an...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 161-174 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.031
The article deals with the analysis of one selected problem from a broad range of topics concerning royal seignorial economy in Early Modern period, the issue only rarely discussed in the Czech historiography. The variety of preserved written sources of individual towns does not allow to compare the situation in a concrete time period. Such a difficulty was eliminated only by so-called Theresian land register (1713-1756), which has been available via the wide edition - summary since 1960s. However, its usage is rather problematic so that through the case of the royal town Sušice (Schüttenhofen) in south-western Bohemia, the author comes to the conclusion...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 175-191 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.032
Taking into account the absence of the museum of Antiquities in the Czech environment, the plaster cast collection was meant for getting to know works from Antiquity not only for students of the Philosophical Faculty of the Charles-Ferdinand University but also their teachers and general public. Its roots go back to the 1970s when they were under supervision of classical philologists - prof. O. Benndorf, E. Petersen, W. Klein, C. Praschniker, A. Gotsmich. The collection was kept in rooms of the Clementinum in Prague, although it is known that there were plans for its displacement but it has never been realized. After the Second World War, it has been...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 193-215 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.033
The aim of the paper is to critically evaluate confessional apology and interpretation of reformation tradition of the Jesuit Konrád Maria Kubeš (1890-1967) on the basis of sources, which Kubeš used for his apology and his own published book and journal texts. Furthermore, it describes Kubeš's family background, education, life and professional conditions in interwar Czechoslovakia. The article primarily analyzed Kubeš's opinions and attitudes to main issues of reformation tradition - Bohemian reformation (Jan Hus), German reformation (Martin Luther and his epigoni), English reformation (Henry VIII and Elisabeth I). The final part of the paper shortly...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 217-242 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.034
The Meiji Restauration in Japan prefigured a change of mutual relations with Korea. Their political contact got worse by few years and it ended by gunboat diplomacy from Japanese side. Through coerced Kanghwa Treaty by Japan was Korea opened to the world in 1876. This treaty had strong impact on Korean Peninsula, because Korean economic was opened to foreign influence, mainly from Japan. Not only economic sphere, but also political scene had been influenced by Japanese and Chinese political goals. Subsequent three decades Japan sought to consolidate its position on the Korean Peninsula, which became not only economically but also strategically important...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 243-271 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.035
This study deals with the analysis and comparison of the struggle for women's suffrage in the United Kingdom and the Czech lands in the years 1848-1920, more precisely in 1928 (the timeline reflects the adoption of the universal suffrage bill for women aged 21 years). It analyses the history of both movements since their factual beginnings in the 50s of the 19th century, through a gradual shift towards political activities, to a fundamental division due to diametrically opposite course (in the UK related to the activities of militant Women's Social and Political Union, founded in 1903). The study mentions their most important representatives and through...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 273-320 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.036
Beside the main aim of present paper, i.e. to delineate life and work of George Sarton (1884-1956), was to determine (according to George Sarton) the relations between history of science and other spheres of human spiritual and intellectual world (religion, technology, visual and decorative art) and between above mentioned discipline and civilization as such. Science as "systematized positive knowledge" - in Sarton's view - has the power to be indefinitely open to changes as well as to be truly cumulative and progressive as the only human activity. Therefore its place within the civilization is of high importance. According to that position a history...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 321-349 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.037
The cultures of the ancient Near East, which after their decline had disappeared from the map of the world and had faded into obscurity, were rediscovered in Modern period, albeit slowly and with great difficulty. Expeditions and archaeological excavations in the Near East, especially since the 19th century, have led to discoveries of vanished cities and their cultures and with them also clay tablets covered with cuneiform script. At first, the languages of Mesopotamia - Akkadian and Sumerian - were deciphered, which made it possible to understand a great number of written sources and ancient oriental literature. At the beginning of the 20th century,...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 351-366 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.038
The paper deals with the National Association of Czech Catholics in the United States of America and its support of independent Czechoslovakia in the period of the First World War 1914-1918. At the same time, it follows the development and transformation of relations of American Catholics of Czech origins to the Habsburg Monarchy. With respect to the fact that American coreligionists in contrast to domestic Catholics did not risk an open conflict with the repressive power of the Austrian state, individuals very soon promoted national independence against Habsburg legitimism and supported Masaryk's foreign-political action. In February 1917 the National...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 367-379 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.039
The presented paper deals with the issue of political rights and women's equality in the National Partnership during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. After the establishment of the all-national movement in March 1939, women were not allowed to enter and participate in the mutual organisation of the Czech nation. The decision aroused disappointment among women of various social classes and political opinions. One of the women's associations, which defended political rights, was the Women's National Council (Czech: Ženská národní rada - ŽNR) led by Františka Plamínková. The pressure of ŽNR as well as other associations was only partially successful....
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 381-398 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.040
The advance of military operations of the Allies in 1943 and the expected defeat of the Axis states started more and more urgently to recognise a necessity of establishing a mechanism that would ensure a closer co-operation between the U.S.A, the U.S.S.R and Great Britain in solving European issues, resulting from the war development. First, the Allies focussed on solving the most topical issue of the time - the expected capitulation of Italy. The powers agreed upon the establishment of the Political-Military Commission, but the members of this body did not meet at all. It was only at the conference of the ministers of foreign affairs of the Big Three...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 53 (2017), 399-423 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2017.041
From the territorial point of view, penalty finding commission in Zábřeh affected in the whole political district of Zábřeh. That means that it dealt with penalty of all offences under the decree no. 138/1945 not only in the legal district of Zábřeh but also in both legal districts Mohelnice and Šilperk belonging to the political district Zábřeh. The article describes the establishment, the development, activities as well as results of penalty finding commission in Zábřeh. Activities of this commission were logically reflected also in municipal policy because investigation and subsequent penalty of party leaders became a significant factor of political...
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