Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 13-45
The origin of institutional towns represents a result of a long-term development which culminated in the 13th century when the first towns were founded. The two basic types of a new settlement appeared: towns that grew "on a greensward" and towns built on a place of a previous agglomeration. Cracow and Olomouc presents settlements which had a few century history settlement development behind them at the point of the institutional establishment of the city. Since early medieval times the varied agglomeration has originated around Olomouc and Cracow castle, what allowed the foundation and the formation of new legal cities that were established approximately...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 47-59
Solving the papal schism at the Council of Constance and conciliarism itself, were the most exciting moments of the Church history of the 15th century. This text is dedicated to the rather late period of conciliarism during the pontificate of the Pope Eugene IV (pont. 1431-1447). The conflict between advocates of the supremacy of the papacy and their conciliaristic opponents interfered into many places and all levels of the society. The text represents the case study describing the conflict inside the hermitage of Camaldolese order in Camaldoli between years 1431-1434. Using the travel diary written by general superior of Camaldolese Ambrogio Traversari,...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 61-74
The study deals with personalities Ernst and Franz Mückusch from Buchberg who participated in the establishment of the Grammar School Museum in Opava. The process of establishment includes years 1814-1818 and meant the climax of institutionalization of enlightened impulses, thoughts and values accepted (through reading) especially from the German environment thanks to personal contacts and friendly relations from Vienna, Wroclaw and Brno. Ernst represented a clerk, Hetman of Opava region and at the same time Chancellor of the Royal Silesian Agricultural Society in Opava, Franz Mückusch - a soldier by his profession - was a private scholar with the...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 75-89
The prime concern of the paper is a comparison of the development of the Bavarian National Museum in Munich and the Prague National Museum especially in the second half of the 19th century. Although both institutes bear the adjective "national" in their titles, an establishment, a purpose, a content, a placement of collections, a state support etc. are not identical. The Bavarian National Museum founded in 1854 represents a national museum predominantly of a western type. Apart from the development of national ideas, a preservation of culturally-historical sights and didactical activities, its existence ought to support political interests of the House...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 91-116
The forms of classical languages teaching at grammar schools in the second half of the 19th century have been already thoroughly discussed. At present, the attention is turned to forms of Ancient history lessons, German and Czech, in which the knowledge of Ancient history ought to be complemented by information received in Latin and Greek lessons. Despite that, graduates of classical grammar schools did not gain the true image of Antiquity; it stayed a vague notion for them. M. Svatoš showed that graduates did not acquire the interest in Antiquity and the presented paper proves that history classes did not contribute to familiarizing the ancient world...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 117-145
The second half of the 19th century in the Habsburg monarchy was characteristic for the considerable development of the secondary education, which was related to the economic growth of Cisleithania, above all, and also emancipation attempts of individual nations in a multi-national state. The effort in modernization of teaching at a secondary school - a grammar school in particular has led to the increase in criticism of a teaching plan of that school as well as the two most high-profiled subjects - Latin and Greek. Criticism was focused not only on a number of classes devoted to both languages but also on methodological matters connected with oral...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 147-159
The paper deals with the attitude of the Holy See and its representative Pope Benedict XV at the beginning of World War I. It describes concrete steps of the Roman pontiff in a dramatic period of the world conflict and analyses a content of Papal encyclicals, notes and telegrams, which he used to intervene in favour of peace at governments of states at war. His activities were numerous and rigidly strived to protect a human life, save a fellowman and alleviate suffering of all people hit by war. Even though the first reaction to the outbreak of war was a speech of Pope Pius X, his successor Benedict XV took a similar attitude shortly after his election...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 161-187
The article is a probe into history of the Czechoslovak (Hussite) Church in 1920s, which as a product of a reform movement of the Catholic clergy underwent a complicated development in finding the religious belief soon after its establishment. The Catholic religion was refused as unsatisfactory and the Church diverged from Rome. However, founders did not prepare a new belief that is why the Church divided into two streams, a group of traditionalists and a group of modernists, who struggled for enforcing their theological visions. While traditionalists inclined towards the Orthodox, modernists preferred to build a new rational ideology corresponding...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 189-201
The paper is focused on a gain of several items from Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL) for the library of the Faculty of Arts of the Comenius University in Bratislava. Corpus represents one of the fundamental research works for Latin epigraphy and only first-rate universities dispose of its whole collection. The Comenius University owns 36 items of that work, of which origin has been unknown until present. On the basis of archival sources and memorial literature, the author reached the conclusion that professor Antonín Salač, who represented the Charles University on the occasion of inauguration of the new rector of University in Bratislava professor...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 203-217
Czech studies as a study programme at the Beijing Foreign Studies University will celebrate the 60th anniversary. In 1952 Czechoslovakia and the People's Republic of China signed an agreement about the cultural cooperation, which significantly supported Czech studies in China. The beginning of Czech classes took place in the Chinese capital city Beijing at the Faculty of the Russian language, the Beijing Foreign Studies University in 1954 according to the decision of the Chinese Ministry of Education. The first lecturer of the Czech language was the sinologist Dana Šťovíčková. The lectorate successively employed two lecturers but at the end of 1950s,...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 219-237
The development of Pardubice District in 1968 corresponded with the development in whole Czechoslovakia. The situation at a district and regional level differed because in contrast to central Prague and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, more than 70 % of party functionaries was changed after secret elections in summer 1968. The political development in regions went ahead the political development of the supreme party organisation to a certain extent. Topics of district conferences of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia did not differ from the others in Czechoslovakia either: at the ordinary conference in March, one of...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 239-259
The paper is focused on several specific determinants of publisher's activities of Czechoslovak exiles who left their homeland for the West after August 1968. The aim of the attention is especially how those activities were developed in a twenty-year period after August under conditions of a western market and in connection with the revival of exile movement coming with a massive wave of emigrants. Besides publisher's problems, especially a poor personal, financial and technical background, publishers-amateurs had to withstand another uneasy challenges. With a growing number of new companies, principles of a western market economy began to influence...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 263-266
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 267-269
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 271-280
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 281-285
Historica Olomucensia vol. 47 (2014), 287-289
