Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 11-22
Byzantine presence on the Apennine Peninsula lasted hundreds of years after the landing of troops of Emperor Justinian I. Byzantine influence was evident throughout Italy - the most strongly, however, reflected in the territories of Ravenna exarchate. There, at certain historical moments intermingled the influence of the caesaropapism with autocephaly of the bishopric (later archbishopric) in Ravenna. It seems that the concept of so called caesaropapism could not be generally applied to the Byzantine era, certainly not in Ravenna exarchate. The concept is suitable only for the period before and during iconoclasm. The certain characters of caesaropapism...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 23-38
The article gives an outline of a development of the organisational structure of the Unity of the Brethren in the second half of the 16th and the first decades of the 17th century. It compares the character and nature of changes to which two autonomous branches of one church were subjected: one in the Czech lands and the other in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The key issue of the European reformation is the assistence of the lay Church members in Church administration. In the Unity of the Brethren this was done through the office of a judge. The relation between judge and priest is examined at several levels: Important moment is judge's right...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 39-61
The Silesian town of Těšín belonged from the mid 16th century to those places where the catholic and protestant faith were encountering each other. The recatolisation process initiated by the conversion of the ruling Piast dynasty at the beginning of the 17th century was significantly developed by the Society of Jesus. Through the analyse of historical sources of administrative as well as personal character this study tries to depict the specific features of the Jesuit presence in the town and its influence on the life of local population. The attention of Jesuits shifted from the upper class and castle officers to ordinary people here. As they had...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 63-79
Since the 18th century, the Masonic movement had been perhaps the only secular association closed to women. Anchored in the fundamental Masonic documents, especially in the "Old Obligations of Freemasons", masculinity of Freemasonry also governed the lodges in the Habsburg monarchy. The article provides an analysis of Masonic documents and aims at settling the question of whether Freemasonry was indeed an ideal association founded on charity, philantrophy and education, or it was "nobleman's issue" or smugness even, which did not have much in common with the philosophy of Freemasonry. In the other part of my article, several interesting texts related...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 81-100
The aim of the study is to give a brief outline of the life of Msgre. Jan Šrámek (1870-1956), a priest and leading personality of the Czech political catholicism, a founder of the modern Christian social movement in Moravia at the turn of the 19th and 20th century, a founder and longtime president of the Czechoslovak People's Party. Based on the archive sources the contribution gives a detailed account of the early Šrámek's life, his studies at the Theological Faculty in Olomouc and activities as a priest in his first parish in Nový Jičín. It summarises the most significant dates of his political career as a party politician and statesman. In the conclusion...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 101-114
Pietro Gasparri (1852-1934) who was priest, diplomat, university professor, scholar and cardinal since 1907, belonged to important representatives of Vatican politics of the first half of the 20th century. After his theological studies in Rome he worked at the Catholic Institute in Paris for nearly 20 years. When he returned to Rome he was appointed archbishop and sent to the South America as an apostolic nuncio. After coming back he worked for the Curia and became secretary of the Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs. He reached his life and career peak in 1914 when he was appointed the Secretary of State of the Holy See, the position...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 115-123
In the inter-war Czechoslovakia the issue of security forces was treated very frequently as an object of interpellations in the National Assembly's House of Representatives. Objections were made to the gendarmery's real and alleged flaws, especially in Slovakia and frontier areas where the social conditions in the first years of the newly established republic were unstable. Other issues concerned the social security for active and retired gendarmes, questions of nationality and legionaries' status within the security forces and creation of gendarmery trade union. The majority of interpellators came from the left-wing and minority political parties.
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 125-134
The article gives one aspect of the personality of Bohumil Laušman, the social democratic politician in Czechoslovakia in the first half of the 20th century as well as of his life in exile after February 1948. The main purpose of the study is to present Laušman's opinions of two historical events which he took part in as an active politician, this in the context of the period: The Slovak National Uprising at the begining of autumn 1944 and the communist coup d'état in February 1948. In his exile Laušman wrote two books on these topics entitled Pravda a lož o Slovenskom národnom povstání (The Truth and The Lie about the Slovak National Uprising) in...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 135-154
Having the Soviet support Czechoslovakia in 1950s came to represent the main weapon supplier to Egypt under Nasser. As the Egyptian Armed Forces needed not only arms and equipment but also soldiers able to use the imported technology on the battlefield, contracts about the training of Egyptian specialists were concluded. The training was held in Czechoslovakia as well as on Egyptian soil regarding the specific local conditions.This brief study aims to depict what where these foreign activities like or what problems they encountered. It tries to give an insight into the work of instructors that belonged to the group of Jan Reindl, an Air Force major...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 155-173
The study deals with the Czechoslovakian Fine Artists Union in the first half of the 1960s. It gives a detailed insight into its liberalization process based on the transformation of its membership and activities. The key event in this process was the Second congress of the Czechoslovakian Fine Artists Union held in 1964. The new leaders elected at the congress did not conform to those already approved by the Communist party. This reduced the party's influence within the Union. The Second congress also ratified the use of an abstract method in arts and deliberately opened itself to the art trends of the western world. This resulted in a variety of...
Historica Olomucensia vol. 42 (2012), 175-192
Based on the example of a new differentiation of Czechoslovak exile media after the August 1968 the study tries to point out their irreplacable role as the main means of communication and intermediary that helped to revive, redefine and subsequently develop the exile public sphere in the West in this period. The massive wave of Czechoslovak refugees who after the August 1968 engaged themselves in exile activities changed the situation with a number of consequences. The article gives an evidence of the importance of the 1968 group in their publishing activities that were substantial for further development of the exile. It also describes the reaction...
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