Historica Olomucensia vol. 60 (2021), 143-160 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2021.006
Studie je empiricko-analytickou komparací prvního bojového zasazení československých a polských ozbrojených sil na východní frontě za druhé světové války, tj. střetnutí u Sokolova (7. až 9. března 1943) a bitvy u Lenina (11. a 12. října 1943). Usiluje přitom postihnout ty aspekty, které byly pro každou z obou událostí jedinečné, i ty, které byly společné. Tímto postupem se snaží odpovědět na otázku, do jaké míry byla obě střetnutí součástí jednotlivých národních dějin a do jaké náleží do obecných dějin druhé světové války a procesu sovětizace střední a východní Evropy.
Evidence-based and analytic comparison is the main approach in this study that focuses on the battles of Sokolovo (7 to 9 March 1943) and of Lenino (12 to 13 October 1943); these were the first military deployments of both Czechoslovak and Polish armed forces in the Soviet Union. On Czechoslovak side there was the 1st Independent (Field) Battalion of nearly 1,000 members, while Poles had the 1st Infantry Division of Tadeusz Kościuszko of some 13,000 men and women. Despite this difference, both battles were strikingly similar in number of aspects; both Czechoslovaks and Poles reached temporal and tactical success which, however, vanished soon; during their first deployment they were inflicted considerable losses of approximately one quarter of their original numbers, especially among officers; political and propagandist value of both battles overwhelmed their military signification; etc. All above mentioned means that the battles of Sokolovo and of Lenino were not only the part of national history of respective countries, but also (or even more) of process of Sovietization of both Czechoslovakia and Poland.
Published: June 11, 2021 Show citation
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