Historica Olomucensia vol. 54 (2018), 99-121 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2018.005

Palmerston a vznik nezávislé Belgie

Jiří Vyčichlo
Katedra historických věd, Fakulta filozofická, Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, Sedláčkova 38, Plzeň 306 14, Česká republika

Vytvoření nezávislého belgického státu se stalo klíčovou událostí v období působení Johna Henryho Templa, vikomta Palmerstona na pozici ministra zahraničí Velké Británie. Belgická revoluce, která vypukla v důsledku červencových událostí ve Francii, znamenala konec mezinárodního uspořádání z roku 1815, vytvořeného na kongresu ve Vídni. Palmerston byl přesvědčeným zastáncem belgické nezávislosti. Dle jeho politické koncepce byla nezávislá Belgie garancí pro zachování rovnováhy sil na kontinentu a udržení všeobecného míru v Evropě. Centrem diplomatických rozhovorů o belgické otázce se stal Londýn. Londýnská konference se tímto tématem zabývala tři respektive devět let, než bylo dosaženo konečné shody. Samotná jednání uvázla několikrát na mrtvém bodě. Během těchto chvil Palmerston projevil svůj diplomatický talent, který se stal typickým pro jeho budoucí politickou kariéru. Právě role britského ministra byla rozhodující pro zformování nového evropského státu, který stál na straně Velké Británie, a který hrál důležitou úlohu pro budoucí dění v Evropě.

Keywords: Palmerston, mezinárodní politika, diplomacie, Velká Británie, Belgie, rovnováha sil, belgická revoluce, Spojené království Nizozemské, Londýnská konference, pentarchie

Palmerston and the Birth of Independent Belgium

The formation of an independent Belgian state became a key event in the period of John Henry Temple, Viscount Palmerston. It influenced his position of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of Great Britain. The Belgian revolution, which broke out because of the July events in France, meant the end for international arrangements from 1815, which was created at the Congress in Vienna. Palmerston was a convicted supporter of Belgian independence. According to his political opinions, independent Belgium was a warranty of preserving balance on the continent and sustaining peace in Europe. London became the centre of diplomatic dialogues regarding the Belgian question. The London conference investigated this topic for 3 years, respectively 9 until a final agreement was reached. The negations came to a deadlock several times. During the discussed period Palmerston showed his diplomatic talent which became typical for his later political career. It was the role of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of Great Britain which was decisive for the formation of a new European state, which was standing on the side of Great Britain and which played an important task in the future affairs of Europe.

Keywords: Palmerston, international politics, diplomacy, Great Britain, Belgium, balance of power, Belgian revolution, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, The London Conference, pentarchy

Published: June 11, 2018  Show citation

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Vyčichlo, J. (2018). Palmerston and the Birth of Independent Belgium. Historica Olomucensia, 54(vol. 54), 99-121. doi: 10.5507/ho.2018.005
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